/e.sɛ.jɑ̃/ or /e.se.jɑ̃/ | + past participle |
past participle | /e.sɛ.je/ or /e.se.je/ |
| singular | plural |
first | second | third | first | second | third |
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles |
| present | or /e.sɛj/ or /e.sɛ/ | or /e.sɛj/ or /e.sɛ/ | or /e.sɛj/ or /e.sɛ/ | /e.sɛ.jɔ̃/ or /e.se.jɔ̃/ | /e.sɛ.je/ or /e.se.je/ | or /e.sɛj/ or /e.sɛ/ |
imperfect | /e.sɛ.jɛ/ or /e.se.jɛ/ | /e.sɛ.jɛ/ or /e.se.jɛ/ | /e.sɛ.jɛ/ or /e.se.jɛ/ | /e.sɛj.jɔ̃/ | /e.sɛj.je/ | /e.sɛ.jɛ/ or /e.se.jɛ/ |
past historic | /e.sɛ.je/ or /e.se.je/ | /e.sɛ.ja/ or /e.se.ja/ | /e.sɛ.ja/ or /e.se.ja/ | /e.sɛ.jam/ or /e.se.jam/ | /e.sɛ.jat/ or /e.se.jat/ | /e.sɛ.jɛʁ/ or /e.se.jɛʁ/ |
future | or /e.sɛj.ʁe/ or /e.sɛ.ʁe/ or /e.se.ʁe/ | or /e.sɛj.ʁa/ or /e.sɛ.ʁa/ or /e.se.ʁa/ | or /e.sɛj.ʁa/ or /e.sɛ.ʁa/ or /e.se.ʁa/ | or /e.sɛj.ʁɔ̃/ or /e.sɛ.ʁɔ̃/ or /e.se.ʁɔ̃/ | or /e.sɛj.ʁe/ or /e.sɛ.ʁe/ or /e.se.ʁe/ | or /e.sɛj.ʁɔ̃/ or /e.sɛ.ʁɔ̃/ or /e.se.ʁɔ̃/ |
conditional | or /e.sɛj.ʁɛ/ or /e.sɛ.ʁɛ/ or /e.se.ʁɛ/ | or /e.sɛj.ʁɛ/ or /e.sɛ.ʁɛ/ or /e.se.ʁɛ/ | or /e.sɛj.ʁɛ/ or /e.sɛ.ʁɛ/ or /e.se.ʁɛ/ | or /e.sɛ.jə.ʁjɔ̃/ or /e.se.jə.ʁjɔ̃/ or /e.sɛ.ʁjɔ̃/ or /e.se.ʁjɔ̃/ | or /e.sɛ.jə.ʁje/ or /e.se.jə.ʁje/ or /e.sɛ.ʁje/ or /e.se.ʁje/ | or /e.sɛj.ʁɛ/ or /e.sɛ.ʁɛ/ or /e.se.ʁɛ/ |
| present perfect | present indicative of + past participle |
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of + past participle |
past anterior | past historic of + past participle |
future perfect | future of + past participle |
conditional perfect | conditional of + past participle |
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles |
| present | or /e.sɛj/ or /e.sɛ/ | or /e.sɛj/ or /e.sɛ/ | or /e.sɛj/ or /e.sɛ/ | /e.sɛj.jɔ̃/ | /e.sɛj.je/ | or /e.sɛj/ or /e.sɛ/ |
imperfect | /e.sɛ.jas/ or /e.se.jas/ | /e.sɛ.jas/ or /e.se.jas/ | /e.sɛ.ja/ or /e.se.ja/ | /e.sɛ.ja.sjɔ̃/ or /e.se.ja.sjɔ̃/ | /e.sɛ.ja.sje/ or /e.se.ja.sje/ | /e.sɛ.jas/ or /e.se.jas/ |
| past | present subjunctive of + past participle |
pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of + past participle |
imperative | – | | – | | | – |
simple | — | or /e.sɛj/ or /e.sɛ/ | — | /e.sɛ.jɔ̃/ or /e.se.jɔ̃/ | /e.sɛ.je/ or /e.se.je/ | — |
compound | — | simple imperative of + past participle | — | simple imperative of + past participle | simple imperative of + past participle | — |
The French gerund is usable only with the preposition . |
In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: (Christopher Kendris [1995], , pp. , , , ). |
Related terms
Further reading
- “ essayer ”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [ Digitized Treasury of the French Language ] , 2012 .
- ressaye , ressayé
Middle French
- ( transitive ) to test
- ( catenative ) to try , to attempt [ with de ( + infinitive ) ‘to do something’ ]
- Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
infinitive | | essayer |
| + past participle |
present participle or gerund | | |
| present participle or gerund of + past participle |
past participle | |
| singular | plural |
first | second | third | first | second | third |
indicative | ie (i’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ilz, elles |
| present | | | | | | |
imperfect | , | , | , | , | , | , |
past historic | | | | | | |
future | , | | | | | |
conditional | , | , | , | , | , | , |
| present perfect | present indicative of + past participle |
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of + past participle |
past anterior | past historic of + past participle |
future perfect | future of + past participle |
conditional perfect | conditional of + past participle |
subjunctive | que ie (i’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ilz, qu’elles |
| present | | | | | | |
imperfect | | | | | | |
| past | present subjunctive of + past participle |
pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of + past participle |
imperative | – | | – | | | – |
simple | — | | — | | | — |
compound | — | simple imperative of + past participle | — | simple imperative of + past participle | simple imperative of + past participle | — |
The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], , p. ). The would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679. |
The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition , as in , although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], , p. ). |
Norwegian Bokmål
essayer n
- indefinite singular of essay
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Exceptional Verbs in French: Stem-Changing Verbs
- Teaching Staff
- December 14, 2018
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In the French language, there are several exceptions to look out for for when conjugating verbs and one of these exceptions include stem-changing verbs.
Stem-changing verbs have two different stems/radicals when conjugated to the present form. Stem-changing verbs utilize the same endings as the regular -er verbs in the present form, however the stem varies by the subject performing the action.
There are four common types of stem-changing verbs: accent grave verbs with accent aigu , accent grave verbs without an accent, doubled consonant verbs, and Y to I verbs. A common trend in all these types is that the subjects “nous” and “vous” possess the same stem that is different from the stem for all the other subjects. In other words, the first person plural and the second person plural use the same stem, while the singular subjects and the third person plural use the same stem.
Below are some example conjugations and verbs:
Accent grave verbs with accent aigu
Example: compléter – to complete
Je complète
Tu complètes
Il/Elle/On complète
Nous complétons
Vous complétez
Ils/Elles complètent
Other verbs: altérer, céder, célébrer, compléter, considérer, différer, espérer, exagérer, gérer, inquiéter, modérer, pénétrer, posséder, préférer, protéger, refléter, répéter, révéler, suggérer, zébrer
Accent grave verbs without an accent
Example: acheter – to buy
Il/Elle/On achète
Nous achetons
Vous achetez
Ils/Elles achètent
Other verbs: amener, ciseler, corseter, crocheter, démanteler, écarteler, emmener, enlever, fileter, fureter, geler, haleter, harceler, lever, marteler, mener, modeler, peler, peser, promener
Doubled consonant verbs
Example: appeler – to call
Tu appelles
Il/Elle/On appelle
Nous appelons
Vous appelez
Ils/Elles appellent
Other verbs with doubled “L”: chanceler, épeler, rappeler, renouveler, ruisseler
Verbs with doubled “T”: feuilleter, hoqueter, jeter, projeter, rejeter
Y to I verbs
Example: employer – to employ
Tu emploies
Il/Elle/On emploie
Nous employons
Vous employez
Ils/Elles emploient
Other verbs: broyer, envoyer, nettoyer, se noyer, renvoyer, tutoyer, vouvoyer, appuyer, ennuyer, essuyer -ayer verbs with optional stem change (-aye and -aie are correct): balayer, effrayer, égayer, essayer, payer, rayer.
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Take our quick quiz to start your journey to fluency today, essayer (to try) conjugation, conjugation of essayer, examples of essayer.
Example in French | Translation in English |
---|
! - Je dois essayer d'inverser le processus. | - I have to try to reverse the process. |
" - Ils vont essayer de se débarrasser de toi. | - They'll try to get rid of you. |
" essayer, c'est savoir et ne pas essayer, c'est essayer de ne pas savoir. " | "trying is knowing and not trying is trying not to know." |
"A", je suis terrifiée que ces gars avec des armes vont essayer de nous trouver parce que nous avons vu leur putain de champ de cannabis. | "A," I'm terrified those guys with guns are gonna try and find us because we saw their stupid pot field. |
"Alors je vais essayer" | / So I'll try / |
! Tu as essayé de nous tuer, mon père et moi. | You tried to kill me and our father. |
" Hier soir, la veille de la Toussaint, le père Moore a essayé de chasser six démons hors de mon corps. | "Last night, on Allhallows' Eve Father Moore tried to cast six demons from my body. |
" Il a essayé de nous tué. | "He tried to kill us. |
" J'ai essayé de la calmer" | *I have tried pacifying her so much* |
" On a tout essayé." " On l'a rétrécie, chatouillé sa plus grande peur." | "We tried everything-- shrunk her down to size..." |
! Tu es celle qui essaye toujours de contrôler les choses. | You're the one who's always trying to control things. |
" Plus que j'essaye et apaise... " | "The more I try and quieten... " |
" Plus que j'essaye et j'apaise... " | "The more I try and quieten... " |
"Cette fois-ci", essaye d'être un peu plus aimable. | Let's try the whole thing all over again. Only this time, try to be more cordial. |
"Elle essaye de me détruire!" | "She's trying to destroy me!" |
"D'accord, essayons quelques prises sans couper... et donnez-moi des couleurs différentes". | "Okay, let's try it a few times without cutting... and show me a few different colors." |
"Mais au moins, essayons." | But at least let's try it." |
"Tiens, essayons ça. | "Oh, cool, yeah, let's try this! |
- Alors essayons. | - OK, let's try then. |
- Bien, essayons de nouveau. | - Now, let's try it again. |
! - Vous essayez de nous faire tuer ? | - Are you trying to get us killed? |
"Désolé, le numéro que vous essayez de joindre n'est pas disponible." | "Sorry, the number you are trying to reach is unavailable." |
"Enfoirés, si vous essayez de virer la machine, | "If you sons of bitches try to remove this typewriter, |
"Et bien, essayez toujours de voir la vie comme si vous sortiez d'un tunnel." | "Well," he'd say, "always try to see life around you as if you just came out of a tunnel." |
"J'ai besoin que vous changiez et essayez de nouvelles choses." | "I need you guys to switch it up and try things." |
"Des centaines de soldats avaient donné" "leurs vies et membres en essayant de prendre..." | "Hundreds of soldiers had given their lives and limbs trying to take..." |
"J'ai senti Brock essayant de remonter à la surface". | "I felt Brock trying to get to the surface." |
"Ma vie dans les tranchés se passait à courir..." "de classe en classe essayant d'éviter l'inévitable." | My life in the trenches was spent rushing... from class to class, trying to avoid the unavoidable. |
"Ok, les gars, essayant encore pour un bébé. | "Okay, folks, trying again for a baby. |
"Ou on mourra en essayant ?" | "Or die trying?" |
More French verbs
Similar but longer, other french verbs with the meaning similar to 'try':, 'try' in different languages.
Language | Verb(s) | Language | Verb(s) |
---|
Afrikaans | | Albanian | |
Arabic | , | Catalan | |
Danish | , | Dutch | , , , |
English | | Esperanto | , , |
Finnish | , | German | , , |
Greek | | Hebrew | |
Hungarian | , , | Icelandic | |
Indonesian | , , , | Italian | , , , |
Japanese | | Latvian | , |
Lithuanian | , , , , | Macedonian | , , , |
Malay | , | Maltese | |
Norwegian | , | Persian | , |
Polish | , , , , , , , , , | Portuguese | |
Quechua | | Romanian | |
Russian | , , , , , , , | Spanish | |
Swedish | , , , | Thai | |
Turkish | | Vietnamese | |
Subjunctive: Irregular Conjugations
Subjonctif : conjugaisons irrégulières.
Many otherwise irregular French verbs have regular subjunctive conjugations – but there are exceptions. Stem-changing verbs and what I like to call very, extremely, or ridiculously irregular verbs have irregular subjunctive conjugations.
Stem-changing verbs
Stem-changing verbs have a two-stem subjunctive conjugation.
1) The present tense third person plural ( ils ) conjugation provides the stem for singular as well as third person plural subjunctive conjugations (just as it does for regular verbs), the upshot of which is that the stem change occurs in these conjugations.
2) The stem for the first and second person plural is based on the present tense first person plural ( nous ) conjugation.
| | | | |
present tense: | | | | |
| stem | lèv- | jett- | essai- |
subjunctive endings | | | |
| -e | | | |
| -es | | | |
| -e | | | |
| -ent | | | |
| | | | |
present tense: | | | | |
| stem | lev- | jet- | essay- |
subjunctive endings | | | |
| -ions | | | |
| -iez | | | |
Very irregular verbs
Very irregular verbs* follow this same two-stem pattern:
| | | | |
present tense: | | | | |
| stem | doiv- | prenn- | tienn- |
subjunctive endings | | | |
| -e | | | |
| -es | | | |
| -e | | | |
| -ent | | | |
| | | | |
present tense: | | | | |
| stem | dev- | pren- | ten- |
subjunctive endings | | | |
| -ions | | | |
| -iez | | | |
* As opposed to irregular verbs that have regular subjunctive conjugations .
Extremely irregular verbs
Seven extremely French verbs have irregular subjunctive stems but take the same endings. Of these,
- faire , pouvoir , and savoir have a single subjunctive stem
- aller , valoir , and vouloir follow the two-stem pattern: one for the singular and the third person plural conjugations, and the other for the first and second person plural
| | | | | | |
stems | fass- | puiss- | sach- | aill- / all- | vaill- / val- | veuill- / voul- |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
And number 7? The impersonal verb falloir has only one subjunctive conjugation: … qu’il faille .
Ridiculously irregular verbs
Of course, the ridiculously irregular verbs avoir and être remain true to form in the subjunctive, with two irregular stems as well as irregular endings:
Subjunctive Quizzes
Think you’ve got it? Test yourself on the French subjunctive with these fill-in-the-blanks exercises:
- À la bibliothèque
- Changement de programme
- Se préparer pour sortir
Note: You must be logged into your Progress with Lawless French account to take these tests. If you don’t have one, sign up – it’s free!
More French subjunctive
- Introduction to the subjunctive
- Regular subjunctive conjugations
- Irregular subjunctive conjugations
- Subjunctive conjugations – PwLF super list
- The Subjunctivisor!
- La chanson du subjonctif
- Introduction to verbs
French Lesson Plans
- Using the French Subjunctive (Project, 9th-12th grade)
- Synopsis: French Indicative and Subjunctive Forms (Worksheet, 8th-19th grade)
En español
- Subjuntivo: conjugaciones irregulares
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More Lawless FrenchSupport Lawless FrenchIf you love it, please consider making a one-time or monthly donation . Your support is entirely optional but tremendously appreciated. What’s New at Lawless French?De s + adjective. La main dans le sac / Red-handedImparfait vs Passé composéTalking about the past – remembering old friends, recalling great parties, reminiscing about wonderful travels – is a lot of fun, but doing it in French can be stressful, thanks to the tricky relationship between the two most common French past tenses . This issue of Lawless French à fond will help you get “past” your fears. Tomber dans les pommesDemonstrative Pronouns Quiz - Directrice sévèreFrench for BeginnersSubscribe to my free newsletterPlease check your email and click the link to confirm your subscription - merci ! French Verbs that End in -erFrench verbs, learn french now, how verbs change. Person (Singular) | Present tense | Past tense |
---|
First person | I walk | I walked | Second person | You walk | You walked | Third person | He/She walks | He/She walked |
To Infinitif and BeyondConjugating regular -er verbs in present tense. Person | Present Ending | Pronunciation |
---|
je | -e | – | tu | -es | – | il/elle/on | -e | – | nous | -ons | nasal “o” | vous | -ez | “ay” | ils/elles | -ent | – |
j’aim | nous aim | tu aim | vous aim | il/elle/on aim | ils/elles aim |
Most Common -er VerbsFrench | English |
---|
donner | to give, to produce | aller | to go | demander | to ask, to request | trouver | to find, to discover | passer | to pass, to go past | rester | to stay, to remain | porter | to carry, to wear | parler | to speak, to talk | montrer | to show, to display | continuer | to continue | penser | to think | commencer | to begin, to start, to commence | compter | to count | appeler | to call, to contact | occuper | to occupy, to take up (space/time) | décider | to decide, to persuade | arriver | to arrive, to happen | sembler | to seem | laisser | to leave, to allow, to let | rappeler | to call back, to remind |
Common Irregular -er Verbsje vais | nous allons | tu vas | vous allez | il/elle/on va | ils/elles vont |
j’inquièt | nous inqui | tu inquièt | vous inquiét | il/elle/on inquièt | ils/elles inquièt |
j’achèt | nous achet | tu achèt | vous achet | il/elle/on achèt | ils/elles achèt |
j’appell | nous appel | tu appell | vous appel | il/elle/on appell | ils/elles appell |
j’envoi | nous envoy | tu envoi | vous envoy | il/elle/on envoi | ils/elles envoi |
j’essay /j’essai | nous essa | tu essay /essai | vous essa | il/elle/on essay /essai | ils/elles essay /essai |
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COMMENTS
Conjugating the French Verb Essayer . Essayer is an optional stem-changing verb. Typically with verbs that end in - yer, the 'Y' has to change to an 'I' in certain forms. The rules are a little more casual with essayer as you'll see in the table. When there are two forms of the conjugation, you can use either. The stem of essayer is essay -.
Essayer is a stem-changing verb (y to i). ... Support Lawless French This free website is created with love and a great deal of work. If you love it, please consider making a one-time or monthly donation. Your support is entirely optional but tremendously appreciated.
Conjugate the French verb essayer in all tenses: future, participle, present, indicative, subjunctive. Irregular verbs, auxiliary verbs, conjugation rules and conjugation models in French verb conjugation. Translate essayer in context, with examples of use and definition.
They fall into seven conjugation groups which can be reduced to three patterns. 1. Accent grave verbs. All verbs that end in - é_er change the é to è in the stem-changed conjugations:***. altérer - to alter. céder - to give up, dispose of. célébrer - to celebrate. compléter - to complete. considérer - to consider.
Mastering Essayer Conjugation: The Past Tense. To form the past tense, also known as the passé composé, of essayer, you need the helping verb 'avoir' and the past participle 'essayé'. The structure is similar to many other French verbs. The conjugation in the passé composé depends on the subject pronoun: j'ai essayé.
Essayer - To try Word origin. The French verb essayer is related to the noun essai (try, attempt), which comes from the Latin verb exigere (to judge, examine, weigh) and noun exagium (weight, balance).. Present tense conjugation. Essayer is a regular ER verb.This means that its endings are the same as all other French regular ER verbs when conjugated in the present tense.
You all worry. Ils/Elles inqui è tent. They worry. Some other verbs that undergo this stem change are céder (to cede, to give up), célébrer (to celebrate), espérer (to hope), gérer (to manage), posséder (to possess), préférer (to prefer), refléter (to reflect), répéter (to repeat) and suggérer (to suggest).
emmener, to take somebody (along) lever, to lift, raise. mener, to take, lead. peser, to weigh. Another group of stem-changing verbs include those ending in - ayer, including essayer (to try) and payer (to pay). In these verbs the y changes to i in all persons except the first and second person plural (nous and vous).
Stem- changing verbs (also called boot verbs) are regular verbs that, for one reason or another, have to slightly change their spelling when they're conjugated in certain tenses and with certain subjects. French stem-changing verbs can be categorized into four groups: Regular verbs that end in -yer. Regular verbs that end in é +consonant + -er.
balayer: to sweep. effrayer: to frighten. essayer: to try. payer: to pay. These stem changes are not limited to the present tense; see payer in all tenses or the lesson on -yer verbs in other tenses. Note: Verbs that end in -oyer and -uyer have the same stem change, but it is required: -oyer and -uyer verbs.
A list of the common conjugations for the French verb essayer, along with their English translations. This is a literary tense, i.e. a tense used in writing, in everyday speech the Passé Composé is used to refer to past actions. The French Future Perfect or Futur antérieur is made with the future tense of avoir or être and the past ...
All regular French verbs and many irregular ones use their infinitives as future and conditional stems. But of course there are always exceptions - here are the few dozen verbs with irregular stems. Stem-changing verbs. Stem-changing verbs have the same stem change in their future and conditional stems:
There are three major groups of regular verbs in French: verbs with infinitives ending in -er, verbs with infinitives ending in -ir, and verbs with infinitives ending in -re.Since -er verbs are the most numerous, they are considered the first conjugation. To conjugate these verbs, drop the -er from the infinitive to form the stem. Next, add the -er endings to the stem.
This is a regular -er verb as far as pronunciation is concerned, but as with other verbs in -ayer (such as payer and essayer), the <y> of its stem may optionally be written as <i> when it precedes a silent <e> (compare verbs in -eyer, which never have this spelling change, and verbs in -oyer and -uyer, which always have it; verbs in -ayer belong to either group, according to the writer's ...
French stem changing -ER verbs. Flashcards; Learn; Test; Match; Get a hint. what is the rule for a GER verb. ... essayer. to try. what is the rule for a YER verb "y" changes to a "i" in the boot. what terms are NOT in the boot? Nous and Vous. payer. to pay. what is the rule for accent changing verbs?
Other verbs: broyer, envoyer, nettoyer, se noyer, renvoyer, tutoyer, vouvoyer, appuyer, ennuyer, essuyer -ayer verbs with optional stem change (-aye and -aie are correct): balayer, effrayer, égayer, essayer, payer, rayer. SchoolTutoring Academy is the premier educational services company for K-12 and college students.
Example in French Translation in English! - Je dois essayer d'inverser le processus. - I have to try to reverse the process." - Ils vont essayer de se débarrasser de toi. - They'll try to get rid of you." essayer, c'est savoir et ne pas essayer, c'est essayer de ne pas savoir. ""trying is knowing and not trying is trying not to know."
Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like How does the essayer stem change in the present, what are the endings of the simple future, How to you form the stem for the future tense (er) and more.
Seven extremely French verbs have irregular subjunctive stems but take the same endings. Of these, faire, pouvoir, and savoir have a single subjunctive stem. aller, valoir, and vouloir follow the two-stem pattern: one for the singular and the third person plural conjugations, and the other for the first and second person plural. faire. pouvoir.
Essayer. Ser-Être. Fer-Faire. Pourr-Pouvoir. Appeller-Appeler. Saur-Savoir. Viendr-Venir. Verr-Voir. Voudr-Vouloir. Jetter-Jeter. About us. About Quizlet; How Quizlet works; ... Irregular stems for the future tense of french verbs Learn with flashcards, games, and more — for free. Irregular stems for the future tense of french verbs Learn ...
For regular verbs, the infinitive lends its stem to its conjugated forms in a predictable way. The stem, or radical (from "root" in French: racine), is the part that occurs before the -er, -ir, or -re. Simply put, to conjugate an -er verb, drop the -er and add the appropriate ending according to the person and tense.
lever. lèver. (pro)jeter. (pro)jetter. promener. promèner. The most common irregular verb stems for the future and the conditional in French Learn with flashcards, games, and more — for free.
Conjugation verb essayer in French. Model : marcher / balayer. Auxiliary : avoir. Other forms: s'essayer / ne pas essayer / ne pas s'essayer. The regular verbs of the 1st group fo